| Series | Primary contrast (case vs control) | Method | Genes with FDR<0.05 | Notes / limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GSE136825 | Polyp (75) vs control inferior turbinate (28) | RNA-seq · DESeq2 | 5,320 | The largest CRSwNP bulk cohort in this collection; positive-control panel behaves correctly (CLC +3.87). |
| GSE179265 | CRSwNP (17) vs healthy controls (7) | RNA-seq · DESeq2 | 5,278 | Additional contrast: US vs Japanese polyps. Positive controls 7/8 significantly up (CLC +7.51). |
| GSE338426 | CRSwNP (14) vs controls (8) | RNA-seq · DESeq2 | 2,273 | Endotype labels (eosinophilic/non-eosinophilic) from deposited metadata. CLC +7.97. |
| GSE198950 | CRSwNP (5) vs non-CRS (4) | RNA-seq · DESeq2 | 3,141 | Tissue confounding: cases are ethmoid tissue, controls are inferior turbinate — the significant reversal of IL33/POSTN may stem from this; must be stated when used. |
| GSE267331 | Dupilumab post- vs pre-treatment (47 paired pairs) | 芯片 · limma 配对 | 4,856 | The only treatment longitudinal cohort (SINUS-52 nasal brushing): CLC/POSTN/SERPINB2 significantly down, consistent with treatment reversal; 0 significant in the placebo arm. |
| GSE189690 | N-ERD (13) vs non-N-ERD CRSwNP (13) | RNA-seq · DESeq2 | 12 | No healthy controls: disease-subtype contrast only; excluded from case–control directional priors. |
| GSE313186 | Toxin-exposed CRS (10) vs unexposed controls (10) | RNA-seq · DESeq2 | 106 | Veteran deployment-exposure cohort; mast-cell phenotype. |
| GSE213809 | Stimulated NP-ILC2 vs peripheral-blood ILC2 (14v14) | RNA-seq · DESeq2 | 4 | Sorted-ILC2 subset atlas; not a case–control design. |
| GSE150846 | Nasal-polyp ILC2 vs peripheral-blood ILC2 (3v3) | 芯片 · limma | 606 | Sorted-ILC2 subset atlas; very small n. |
| GSE174681 | Polyp ASC vs peripheral-blood naive B (3v4) | TMM · limma | 1,813 | Sorted B-cell subset atlas; not a case–control design. |
| GSE330761 | CRSwNP-MCTC vs CRSsNP-MCTC (3v3) | txi counts · voom | 443 | No healthy controls; sorted mast-cell subset atlas (3v3). |
| GSE194282 | Nasal polyps (7) vs controls (7) | 芯片 · limma | 251 | Controls include tumor-adjacent normal tissue; small sample size, limited power. |
| GSE36830 | CRSwNP (12) vs uncinate-process controls (6) | 芯片 · limma | 0 | Expression matrix was linear-scale, log2(x+1)-transformed; zero FDR-significant genes reflect the data background. |
| GSE69093 | Cases vs controls (cell-type-adjusted) | 芯片 · limma+协变量 | 0 | Primary cultured cells: zero transcriptome-wide significant genes but p-values enriched at the small-p end — judged a genuine weak signal (not a technical error). Series platform was mislabeled at registration (Affymetrix); corrected to Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 annotation. |
| GSE70898_70900 | Polyp T cells vs normal nasal-mucosa T cells (12v6) | 芯片 · limma | 9,426 | Merged across two series of the same study (GSE70898+GSE70900); short-term explant culture; platform mislabeling corrected. |
| GSE72713 | CRSwNP (6) vs normal controls (3) | FPKM · limma | 129 | Very small n (3/3/3); mixed lncRNA+mRNA files. |
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: leukocyte mediated immunity (GO_BP, FDR=3.1e-21); lymphocyte mediated immunity (GO_BP, FDR=1.6e-18); adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains (GO_BP, FDR=1.7e-16); external side of plasma membrane (GO_CC, FDR=2.3e-16)
ORA down: Asparagine N-linked glycosylation (Reactome, FDR=5.6e-08); Salivary secretion (KEGG, FDR=5.9e-05); transport vesicle (GO_CC, FDR=0.00015); Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation (KEGG, FDR=0.00018)
GSEA: REACTOME_IMMUNOREGULATORY_INTERACTIONS_BETWEEN_A_LYMPHOID_AND_A_NON_LYMPHOID_CELL (NES=+2.59, FDR=1.9e-22); REACTOME_FCGR_ACTIVATION (NES=+2.35, FDR=1.9e-09); REACTOME_INITIAL_TRIGGERING_OF_COMPLEMENT (NES=+2.34, FDR=1.9e-09); REACTOME_COMPLEMENT_CASCADE (NES=+2.30, FDR=3.9e-10)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
up: type2_custom, interferon, hypoxia, proliferation, mast, eosinophil, fibroblast_ecm
down: —
Immune cell abundance estimates
B lineage ▲, Cytotoxic lymphocytes ▲, Monocytic lineage ▲, Myeloid dendritic cells ▲, NK cells ▲, Neutrophils ▲, T cells ▲
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: leukocyte mediated immunity (GO_BP, FDR=7e-49); lymphocyte mediated immunity (GO_BP, FDR=6.3e-41); immunoglobulin complex (GO_CC, FDR=1e-40); adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains (GO_BP, FDR=4.7e-40)
ORA down: Propanoate metabolism (KEGG, FDR=3.3e-09); organic acid catabolic process (GO_BP, FDR=9.8e-08); carboxylic acid catabolic process (GO_BP, FDR=9.8e-08); Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation (KEGG, FDR=1.9e-07)
GSEA: GOBP_AXONEME_ASSEMBLY (NES=-2.88, FDR=1.2e-21); GOBP_CILIUM_ORGANIZATION (NES=-2.86, FDR=4e-47); GOBP_CILIUM_MOVEMENT (NES=-2.73, FDR=4.7e-27); GOBP_EXTRACELLULAR_TRANSPORT (NES=-2.72, FDR=8.3e-14)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
up: type2_custom, interferon, hypoxia, proliferation, mast, ilc2, eosinophil, fibroblast_ecm
down: —
Immune cell abundance estimates
B lineage ▲, Cytotoxic lymphocytes ▲, Endothelial cells ▲, Fibroblasts ▲, Monocytic lineage ▲, Myeloid dendritic cells ▲, NK cells ▲, Neutrophils ▲, T cells ▲
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: adaptive immune response (GO_BP, FDR=3.8e-69); adaptive immune response (GO_BP, FDR=3.3e-58); leukocyte mediated immunity (GO_BP, FDR=6.1e-46); immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway (GO_BP, FDR=1.8e-42)
ORA down: cilium organization (GO_BP, FDR=2.9e-69); motile cilium (GO_CC, FDR=1.4e-68); cilium movement (GO_BP, FDR=2.9e-68); cilium assembly (GO_BP, FDR=1.9e-63)
GSEA: GOBP_AXONEME_ASSEMBLY (NES=-2.72, FDR=1.1e-21); GOBP_CILIUM_MOVEMENT (NES=-2.69, FDR=4.4e-31); GOBP_MICROTUBULE_BUNDLE_FORMATION (NES=-2.61, FDR=3.3e-19); GOBP_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNE_RESPONSE (NES=+2.60, FDR=4e-47)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
up: type2_custom, interferon, mast, ilc2, eosinophil
down: ciliated
Immune cell abundance estimates
B lineage ▲, Monocytic lineage ▲, Myeloid dendritic cells ▲, T cells ▲
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: GTPase regulator activity (GO_MF, FDR=2.5e-06); nucleoside-triphosphatase regulator activity (GO_MF, FDR=2.5e-06); protein serine/threonine kinase activity (GO_MF, FDR=0.00031); Salivary secretion (KEGG, FDR=0.00083)
ORA down: extracellular matrix structural constituent (GO_MF, FDR=5.4e-10); extracellular matrix (GO_CC, FDR=4.1e-08); external encapsulating structure (GO_CC, FDR=4.1e-08); vacuolar lumen (GO_CC, FDR=8.4e-08)
GSEA: HALLMARK_TNFA_SIGNALING_VIA_NFKB (NES=-2.79, FDR=7.3e-29); REACTOME_DENGUE_VIRUS_GENOME_TRANSLATION_AND_REPLICATION (NES=-2.35, FDR=2.3e-08); HALLMARK_CHOLESTEROL_HOMEOSTASIS (NES=-2.32, FDR=2.8e-09); REACTOME_NUCLEAR_EVENTS_MEDIATED_BY_NFE2L2 (NES=-2.30, FDR=1.7e-07)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
No program reached FDR<0.05 in this cohort.
Immune cell abundance estimates
CD8 T cells ▼, Cytotoxic lymphocytes ▼, Endothelial cells ▼, Fibroblasts ▼, Monocytic lineage ▼, NK cells ▼, Neutrophils ▼, T cells ▼
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: mitochondrial inner membrane (GO_CC, FDR=1.2e-20); Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Reactome, FDR=8.6e-14); mitochondrial protein-containing complex (GO_CC, FDR=7e-13); mitochondrial gene expression (GO_BP, FDR=4.6e-11)
ORA down: mRNA binding (GO_MF, FDR=3.1e-12); L13a-mediated translational silencing of Ceruloplasmin expression (Reactome, FDR=4e-09); Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD) (Reactome, FDR=4e-09); Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) enhanced by the Exon Junction Complex (EJC) (Reactome, FDR=4e-09)
GSEA: REACTOME_CONDENSATION_OF_PROPHASE_CHROMOSOMES (NES=+2.79, FDR=4.1e-11); REACTOME_ACTIVATED_PKN1_STIMULATES_TRANSCRIPTION_OF_AR_ANDROGEN_RECEPTOR_REGULATED_GENES_KLK2_AND_KLK3 (NES=+2.70, FDR=3e-10); REACTOME_DEFECTIVE_PYROPTOSIS (NES=+2.70, FDR=2.8e-10); REACTOME_ASSEMBLY_OF_THE_ORC_COMPLEX_AT_THE_ORIGIN_OF_REPLICATION (NES=+2.68, FDR=1e-09)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
up: —
down: type2_custom, il13_response, hypoxia, goblet_secretory, mast, ilc2
Immune cell abundance estimates
Endothelial cells ▼
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
GSEA: REACTOME_CD22_MEDIATED_BCR_REGULATION (NES=-2.57, FDR=1.3e-13); REACTOME_CREATION_OF_C4_AND_C2_ACTIVATORS (NES=-2.55, FDR=1.3e-13); REACTOME_ANTIGEN_ACTIVATES_B_CELL_RECEPTOR_BCR_LEADING_TO_GENERATION_OF_SECOND_MESSENGERS (NES=-2.48, FDR=1.3e-13); REACTOME_SCAVENGING_OF_HEME_FROM_PLASMA (NES=-2.48, FDR=3.4e-12)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
No program reached FDR<0.05 in this cohort.
Immune cell abundance estimates
No population reached FDR<0.05.
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: chemotaxis (GO_BP, FDR=0.012); taxis (GO_BP, FDR=0.012); Purinergic signaling in leishmaniasis infection (Reactome, FDR=0.025); Cell recruitment (pro-inflammatory response) (Reactome, FDR=0.025)
GSEA: HALLMARK_TNFA_SIGNALING_VIA_NFKB (NES=+2.44, FDR=1.1e-27); HALLMARK_INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE (NES=+2.20, FDR=6.9e-17); REACTOME_INTERLEUKIN_10_SIGNALING (NES=+2.18, FDR=1.4e-06); GOBP_NEGATIVE_REGULATION_OF_EXTRINSIC_APOPTOTIC_SIGNALING_PATHWAY (NES=+2.12, FDR=1.2e-07)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
No program reached FDR<0.05 in this cohort.
Immune cell abundance estimates
No population reached FDR<0.05.
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: chromosome segregation (GO_BP, FDR=1.5e-21); nuclear division (GO_BP, FDR=7.4e-21); organelle fission (GO_BP, FDR=2.4e-20); nuclear chromosome segregation (GO_BP, FDR=4.5e-20)
ORA down: Cornified envelope formation (KEGG, FDR=0.0011); receptor ligand activity (GO_MF, FDR=0.0024); signaling receptor activator activity (GO_MF, FDR=0.0024); signaling receptor regulator activity (GO_MF, FDR=0.0024)
GSEA: GOBP_SARCOPLASMIC_RETICULUM_CALCIUM_ION_TRANSPORT (NES=+2.25, FDR=0.00094); GOBP_RELEASE_OF_SEQUESTERED_CALCIUM_ION_INTO_CYTOSOL_BY_ENDOPLASMIC_RETICULUM (NES=+2.25, FDR=0.00094); GOBP_ANTIMICROBIAL_HUMORAL_IMMUNE_RESPONSE_MEDIATED_BY_ANTIMICROBIAL_PEPTIDE (NES=+2.23, FDR=0.0019); GOBP_ANTIMICROBIAL_HUMORAL_RESPONSE (NES=+2.22, FDR=0.0019)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
No program reached FDR<0.05 in this cohort.
Immune cell abundance estimates
No population reached FDR<0.05.
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: mitochondrial inner membrane (GO_CC, FDR=5.6e-60); respiratory chain complex (GO_CC, FDR=7.1e-34); oxidative phosphorylation (GO_BP, FDR=4.9e-33); Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Reactome, FDR=5.5e-33)
ORA down: HATs acetylate histones (Reactome, FDR=1.1e-12); nuclear speck (GO_CC, FDR=4.7e-12); nuclear ribonucleoprotein granule (GO_CC, FDR=9.6e-12); Regulation of PD-L1(CD274) transcription (Reactome, FDR=2e-11)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
No program reached FDR<0.05 in this cohort.
Immune cell abundance estimates
No population reached FDR<0.05.
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum (KEGG, FDR=9.9e-28); endoplasmic reticulum protein-containing complex (GO_CC, FDR=4.3e-26); immunoglobulin complex (GO_CC, FDR=1.5e-18); endoplasmic reticulum lumen (GO_CC, FDR=9.8e-18)
ORA down: immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway (GO_BP, FDR=1.9e-16); immune response-activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway (GO_BP, FDR=3.2e-15); MHC class II protein complex (GO_CC, FDR=9.1e-13); antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway (GO_BP, FDR=1.4e-12)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
No program reached FDR<0.05 in this cohort.
Immune cell abundance estimates
No population reached FDR<0.05.
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: Signaling by Interleukins (Reactome, FDR=2.3e-05); Interleukin-2 family signaling (Reactome, FDR=3.5e-05); leukocyte cell-cell adhesion (GO_BP, FDR=5.9e-05); Interleukin receptor SHC signaling (Reactome, FDR=0.00025)
ORA down: epithelial cell proliferation (GO_BP, FDR=0.0018); regulation of epithelial cell proliferation (GO_BP, FDR=0.0018); extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway (GO_BP, FDR=0.0059); regulation of cell-substrate adhesion (GO_BP, FDR=0.015)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
No program reached FDR<0.05 in this cohort.
Immune cell abundance estimates
No population reached FDR<0.05.
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: toxic substance binding (GO_MF, FDR=0.028)
ORA down: Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation (KEGG, FDR=3.1e-07); Propanoate metabolism (KEGG, FDR=0.002); Fatty acid degradation (KEGG, FDR=0.006); ligase activity, forming carbon-sulfur bonds (GO_MF, FDR=0.019)
GSEA: KEGG_VALINE_LEUCINE_AND_ISOLEUCINE_DEGRADATION (NES=-2.35, FDR=2.7e-07); REACTOME_INITIAL_TRIGGERING_OF_COMPLEMENT (NES=+2.27, FDR=1.9e-05); REACTOME_MRNA_SPLICING (NES=-2.26, FDR=5.8e-12); GOBP_RNA_SPLICING_VIA_TRANSESTERIFICATION_REACTIONS (NES=-2.23, FDR=5.1e-15)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
up: type2_custom, il13_response
down: —
Immune cell abundance estimates
No population reached FDR<0.05.
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
GSEA: REACTOME_IMMUNOREGULATORY_INTERACTIONS_BETWEEN_A_LYMPHOID_AND_A_NON_LYMPHOID_CELL (NES=+3.21, FDR=7.9e-25); KEGG_SYSTEMIC_LUPUS_ERYTHEMATOSUS (NES=+2.96, FDR=2.5e-17); HALLMARK_ALLOGRAFT_REJECTION (NES=+2.89, FDR=3.4e-23); GOBP_B_CELL_RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_PATHWAY (NES=+2.89, FDR=3.7e-13)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
up: type2_custom, neutrophil, mast, ilc2, fibroblast_ecm
down: —
Immune cell abundance estimates
Myeloid dendritic cells ▲
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
GSEA: REACTOME_UBIQUITIN_MEDIATED_DEGRADATION_OF_PHOSPHORYLATED_CDC25A (NES=+2.40, FDR=9.2e-06); GOBP_RIBOSOME_BIOGENESIS (NES=-2.35, FDR=4.9e-16); GOBP_RIBOSOMAL_SMALL_SUBUNIT_BIOGENESIS (NES=-2.33, FDR=2.4e-08); REACTOME_VIF_MEDIATED_DEGRADATION_OF_APOBEC3G (NES=+2.30, FDR=7e-05)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
No program reached FDR<0.05 in this cohort.
Immune cell abundance estimates
No population reached FDR<0.05.
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes (Reactome, FDR=1.4e-13); structural constituent of chromatin (GO_MF, FDR=5.4e-13); Meiotic recombination (Reactome, FDR=1.1e-12); DNA methylation (Reactome, FDR=1.1e-12)
ORA down: L13a-mediated translational silencing of Ceruloplasmin expression (Reactome, FDR=2.4e-56); Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) independent of the Exon Junction Complex (EJC) (Reactome, FDR=3.9e-56); Formation of a pool of free 40S subunits (Reactome, FDR=4.8e-56); Eukaryotic Translation Elongation (Reactome, FDR=4.9e-56)
GSEA: REACTOME_EUKARYOTIC_TRANSLATION_ELONGATION (NES=-4.14, FDR=4.8e-43); REACTOME_EUKARYOTIC_TRANSLATION_INITIATION (NES=-4.11, FDR=1.3e-46); KEGG_RIBOSOME (NES=-4.11, FDR=3.3e-41); REACTOME_NONSENSE_MEDIATED_DECAY_NMD (NES=-4.10, FDR=1.9e-44)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
up: proliferation
down: —
Immune cell abundance estimates
B lineage ▲, CD8 T cells ▲, Endothelial cells ▲, Monocytic lineage ▲, Myeloid dendritic cells ▲, NK cells ▲, Neutrophils ▲
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
Top enriched pathways (FDR<0.05)
ORA up: cytochrome-c oxidase activity (GO_MF, FDR=0.042)
ORA down: vascular process in circulatory system (GO_BP, FDR=0.0012); Salivary secretion (KEGG, FDR=0.0094); regulation of vascular permeability (GO_BP, FDR=0.027)
Program scores: significant vs control (ssGSEA)
No program reached FDR<0.05 in this cohort.
Immune cell abundance estimates
No population reached FDR<0.05.
MCP-counter-style marker scoring — abundance estimates, not cell counts (not official MCPcounter output).
476,254 cells and 105 donor units in total; annotated to a unified 25-class cell vocabulary; differential statistics at donor level (pseudobulk).
| Series | Cells | Donors | Design | Notes / limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GSE235711 | 55,827 | 20 | Controls 5 / CRSsNP 5 / CRSwNP 10 | Liao Immunity 2025; complete tissue atlas. CRSsNP vs controls has almost no donor-level significant genes (5v5, data background, not an analysis failure). |
| GSE276503 | 177,666 | 29 donor units | Controls 2 / CRSwNP 27 | Only 2 controls (use statistics with caution); 4 samples’ matrices corrupted at the source and excluded; donor structure not declared. |
| GSE270953 | 51,926 | 10 | Polyps 5 / tonsils 5 | Controls are tonsils (immunologically distinct from nasal mucosa); interpret with this caveat; CITE-seq arm not processed. |
| GSE249159 | 42,041 | 6 | Polyps 3 / peripheral blood 3 | Mouse arm excluded; only CD4_T meets the 3v3 DE requirement. |
| GSE196169 | 37,168 | 13 | AERD single arm | Deposited data has no CRSwNP control arm; downgraded to a single-arm composition atlas; this contrast is not listed on the site. |
| GSE202100 | 38,514 | 5 | CRSwNP single arm (epithelial brushing) | Tuft signal (POU2F3/TRPM5) enriched in the ionocyte cluster; not forcibly split, annotated as-is. |
| GSE324445 | 30,954 | 10 | Polyps 6 / peripheral blood 4 | Nominally ‘sorted ILC2’; measured only 36% true ILC2 and 56% CD4_T — the site shows measured composition, not the nominal label. |
| GSE255544 | 20,394 | 7 | CRSwNP single arm (lymphocytes) | Pending → promoted to core (GSM titles confirm CRSwNP, PMID 38589618). |
| GSE156285 | 10,803 | 4 | CRS single-arm composition atlas | Older 10x annotation lacks several epithelial markers; some clusters can only be labeled ambiguous. |
| GSE179292 | 10,961 | 4 | CRSwNP sorted-T-cell composition atlas | Sorted T-cell preparation. |
GSE235714 GeoMx DSP: 40 ROIs × 10 donors (CRSwNP 6 / controls 4); panel of 1,480 genes (Nanostring DSP Human CTA; measured, not whole-transcriptome).